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A hydrosalpinx is a condition that occurs when a Fallopian tube is blocked and fills with serous or clear fluid near the ovary (distal to the uterus). The blocked tube may become substantially distended giving the tube a characteristic sausage-like or retort-like shape. The condition is often bilateral and the affected tubes may reach several centimeters in diameter. The blocked tubes cause infertility. A Fallopian tube filled with blood is a hematosalpinx, and with pus a pyosalpinx.
Hydrosalpinx is a composite of the Greek words ὕδωρ (hydōr – "water") and σάλπιγξ (sálpinx – "trumpet"); its plural is hydrosalpinges.